In addition to the general provisions of the Factories Act, 1948, there are several specific provisions and regulations that govern the employment of women in factories in India. These provisions are in place to ensure the safety, health, and welfare of female workers and to address their specific needs and concerns.
- Prohibition of Employment Near Cotton-Openers:
- Women are prohibited from working in any part of a factory where a cotton-opening machine is in use. This provision is aimed at preventing exposure to cotton dust, which can be harmful to health.
- Creche Facilities:
- Factories employing more than 30 women are required to provide and maintain suitable creche (childcare) facilities for the children of female employees. This is intended to assist working mothers in balancing their work and childcare responsibilities.
- Maternity Benefits:
- Female workers are entitled to maternity benefits under the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. These benefits include paid maternity leave and protection against dismissal during the pregnancy period.
- Provision of Seating:
- Suitable seating arrangements are to be provided for women workers, and they are not allowed to stand for extended periods.
- Prohibition of Overtime Work:
- Women are generally prohibited from working overtime, particularly during night shifts, to safeguard their health and well-being. However, there are exceptions and certain conditions under which overtime work may be allowed.
- Provision of Separate Washrooms and Restrooms:
- Factories are required to provide separate and hygienic washrooms and restrooms for women workers.
- Health and Safety Measures:
- Employers must take adequate measures to ensure the safety and health of women workers, including providing safe working conditions and protection from occupational hazards.
- Provision of Transportation and Security:
- Employers are expected to provide safe transportation facilities and security arrangements for women employees, especially those working during night shifts.
- Non-Discrimination and Harassment:
- Employers are mandated to ensure that female workers are not subjected to discrimination, harassment, or unfair treatment in the workplace. They must provide a safe and respectful work environment.
- Flexibility in Working Hours:
- Some states in India have introduced flexible working hours for female workers, allowing them to adjust their work schedules to accommodate family responsibilities.
- Awareness and Training Programs:
- Employers are encouraged to conduct awareness programs and training sessions for female workers on their rights, safety measures, and health-related issues.
