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Scope and Salient Features of Land Acquisition Act, 1894

The Land Acquisition Act, 1894 is a legislation enacted by the British colonial government in India to facilitate the acquisition of private land for public purposes. The scope and salient features of the Act are as follows:

Scope of Land Acquisition Act, 1894

  1. Public Purpose: Land can be acquired only for a public purpose such as the construction of roads, railways, schools, hospitals, and other public works.
  2. Companies: The Act also allows land acquisition for companies, provided that the land is needed for a public purpose, and the company fulfills certain criteria related to ownership, management, and control.
  3. Compensation: The Act provides for compensation to be paid to the landowners for the land acquired. The amount of compensation is determined by the Collector and must be fair and just.
  4. Acquisition Process: The Act sets out a detailed process for the acquisition of land, which includes a preliminary investigation, declaration of intended acquisition, award and claim, possession of the land, and payment of compensation.
  5. Court Procedures: The Act provides for various court procedures to safeguard the rights of the affected landowners and ensure that they receive fair compensation. These procedures include reference to court, re-determination of compensation, appeals, stay of proceedings, and the appointment of a Land Acquisition Ombudsman.

Salient Features of Land Acquisition Act, 1894

  1. Public Purpose: The Act allows the acquisition of land only for public purposes and prohibits the acquisition of land for private companies or individuals.
  2. Compensation: The Act provides for compensation to be paid to the landowners for the land acquired. The amount of compensation must be fair and just, and is determined by the Collector.
  3. Acquisition Process: The Act sets out a detailed process for the acquisition of land, which includes a preliminary investigation, declaration of intended acquisition, award and claim, possession of the land, and payment of compensation.
  4. Court Procedures: The Act provides for various court procedures to safeguard the rights of the affected landowners and ensure that they receive fair compensation. These procedures include reference to court, re-determination of compensation, appeals, stay of proceedings, and the appointment of a Land Acquisition Ombudsman.
  5. Penalties: The Act provides for penalties for various offenses committed under the Act, such as obstructing acquisition, making false statements, refusing to give possession, failing to make a deposit, and trespassing.

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