In Hindu law, property can be classified into several categories, including the following:
- Ancestral property: Ancestral property refers to property that is inherited from the father’s side of the family and has been passed down for at least three generations. All male members of the family have an equal right to ancestral property under Mitakshara law.
- Self-acquired property: Self-acquired property refers to property that is acquired by an individual through his own efforts, such as through inheritance, gift, or purchase. The individual has exclusive ownership over self-acquired property and can dispose of it as he sees fit.
- Joint family property: Joint family property refers to property that is owned by the joint family as a whole and is managed by the Karta. It includes both ancestral and acquired property.
- Stridhana property: Stridhana property refers to property that is owned by a woman, either acquired by her through her own efforts or given to her by her husband or family members as a gift. Stridhana property is owned by the woman and she has exclusive control over it.
- Marital property: Marital property refers to property acquired by a couple during their marriage. In Hindu law, both spouses have an equal right to marital property, and it is typically divided equally in the event of divorce or separation.
- Joint tenancy property: Joint tenancy property refers to property that is jointly owned by two or more individuals, who each have an undivided interest in the property. In Hindu law, joint tenancy property can be held by coparceners, spouses, or other individuals.
- Community property: Community property refers to property that is owned jointly by a married couple, with each spouse having an equal interest in the property. Community property is recognized in some Indian states, such as Goa.
